Nature Communications · 5 September 2026 · From issue 32
Neoadjuvant PD1 plus CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade in surgically resectable recurrent glioblastoma: a randomized surgical window-of-opportunity trial
Two combined immune drugs raised immune cell levels in brain tumors and lengthened survival.
Lu Sun, Lauren F. Markus et al.
A brain tumor called glioblastoma often comes back after treatment. In this study, giving two immune-boosting drugs together before surgery packed more immune cells into the tumor than giving no drugs. Patients who got both drugs before and after surgery lived a median of 402 days. Patients who got only one drug lived a median of 273 days.
Median survival for patients given two immune drugs versus one immune drug before brain tumor surgery.
Small trial of 63 patients, not yet proven in larger groups.
Integrity screen: passed (3 checks) Checked 8 September 2026. Retraction record: none. DOI resolves at doi.org. Metadata record found (Nature Communications). Read the source
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